Australia

Australia is a country and continent located in the Southern Hemisphere, bordered by the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is known for its diverse ecosystems, unique wildlife, and a wide range of climates. The country is composed of six states—New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, and Western Australia—as well as two major territories: the Australian Capital Territory and the Northern Territory. Australia has a rich indigenous history, with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples being the original inhabitants of the land for tens of thousands of years. The contemporary nation-state was established as a federation in 1901 and is recognized for its democratic political system and stable economy. Major cities include Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane, Perth, and Adelaide. The country is also famous for its natural wonders, such as the Great Barrier Reef, Uluru, and numerous national parks. Australia’s cultural landscape is characterized by a mix of indigenous heritage and influences from British colonization, as well as migration from various other cultures worldwide.